CASE: I-485 Adjustment of Status / 245(k)

APPLICANT: Filipino Speech Language Pathologist

LOCATION: North Dakota

Our client has a current employer that was willing to petition him for a second-preference I-140.  Our client has a master’s degree in speech language pathology, a valid North Dakota speech language pathologist license, and has worked for his current employer since August 2015. Based on our client’s education and work background, our office determined that he is clearly eligible for EB-2 classification for his I-140 petition.  Our client eventually retained us in March 2017.

Prior to filing PERM, our firm prepared the prevailing wage request, job order, advertisements, internal job posting, recruitment report, and all other steps which are important pre-PERM filing. Take note that the PERM application could be filed at least 60 days from the job posting date or 30 days from the last ad. Within a week from our retention, the prevailing wage request was filed.  After we obtained the PW determination, our office filed the job order on June 20, 2017. On December 13, 2017, we promptly filed PERM. Eventually, on April 26, 2018, the PERM Labor Certification was approved – an EB2 position for the Filipino beneficiary. 

We then proceeded with the I-140 Petition filing. We submitted the “ability to pay” letter for the I-140 petition application. We included the job offer letter, employer’s tax records, and other necessary supporting documents. The I-140 Petition was filed on July 26, 2018 via premium processing service.

However, on August 6, 2018, the USCIS Nebraska Service Center issued Request for Evidence (RFE) and requested our client to submit the documents to show special skills for Beneficiary. On September 5, 2018, our office filed Response to RFE and included the letter from the Petitioner regarding the proof that Beneficiary already obtained his special skills for the proffered position. Eventually, on September 14, 2018, the I-140 EB2 Petition for our Filipino client was approved. 

Once his I-140 petition was approved, he retained our office again and determined to file an adjustment of status application for him and his immediate family members. However, our office was informed that our client’s DS-2019 was not extended by his employer and he has continuously worked for his employer without the DHS’ authorization. Thus, he worked without authorization and overstayed his visa status. 

Section 245(k) of the Immigration and Nationality Act can render the normal bars to adjustment of status found in section 245(c)(2), (c)(7), and (c)(8) inapplicable to certain employment-based adjustment of status applicants who, since their last lawful admission to the United States have not, for an aggregate period of more than 180 days: 

1. Failed to maintain, continuously, a lawful status; 
2. Engaged in unauthorized employment; or 
3. Otherwise violated the terms and conditions of his or her admission

INA §245(k). 

An eligible derivative of an alien may benefit from section 245(k) in his or her own right if he or she has failed to maintain continuously a lawful status, worked without authorization, or otherwise violated the terms and conditions of his or her admission for an aggregate of 180 days or less pursuant to a lawful admission. 

(See page 2, Neufeld Memorandum July 14, 2008, “Applicability of section 245(k) to Certain Employment-Based Adjustment of Status Applications filed under Section 245(a). 

At least, our client has not accrued over 180 days of “failure to maintain lawful status” nor over 180 days of “unauthorized employment”, and as such, he was still eligible to adjust status based on the I-485 filing through INA 245(k).

On December 21, 2018, our office filed an I-485 adjustment of status application for our client and his immediate family members. Our office also submitted a detailed cover brief and explained why our client is still eligible for the adjustment of status through 245K subsection despite his overstay and unauthorized employment.  Everything went smoothly and the receipt notices and fingerprint appointment came on time.

Prior to the interview, we thoroughly prepared our client via conference calls as well. On November 6, 2019, our client was interviewed at Minneapolis, Minnesota USCIS office. Attorney Sung Hee (Glen) Yu from our office also accompanied our clients. Though interview was thoroughly held, on November 8, 2019, their I-485 applications were approved by the USCIS. 

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CASE: I-485 based on Approved I-140 (EB-2)

 APPLICANT: Korean

 LOCATION: Erie, PA

Our client is an assistant professor from South Korea, who is currently teaching at a state university which was willing to petition him for a second-preference petition (I-140).  Our client has a Ph.D. degree and has worked for this school since August 2017. He has maintained her status as an H-1B visa holder in the United States. He had an approved I-140 petition which was filed by his current employer and this I-140 petition’s priority date was July 5, 2018.

In November 2018, he contacted our office and retained us for his I-485 adjustment of status application. Our office filed an I-485 adjustment of status application for our client on November 21, 2018. Everything went smoothly and the receipt notices and fingerprint appointment came on time.

Prior to the interview, we thoroughly prepared our client via conference call as well. On August 26, 2019, our client and his wife were interviewed at Buffalo New York USCIS office. The interview went well; however, the visa number was not available after the interview.  Eventually, on October 28, 2019, his and his wife’s green card applications were approved.

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CASE: Immigrant Visa / I-140 (EB-2 Category) / Schedule A 

EMPLOYER: Nursing Care Facility

BENEFICIARY: Filipino

LOCATION: Beneficiary: Thailand / Petitioner: Houston, TX

Our Filipino client is currently working in Thailand as a nurse supervisor. His prospective employer-sponsor was willing to petition him for a second-preference employment immigrant visa petition (I-140). Since he has a registered nurse license and the proffered position for him is a nurse manager at the nursing care facility, the petitioner wanted to try going for a “Schedule A” classification. They also wanted to do EB2 (requiring at least a Masters degree or Bachelors degree + 5 yrs experience).

The Department of Labor (DOL) maintains a schedule of occupations in its regulations, Schedule A included, for which the individual permanent labor certification procedure is not required. The schedule of pre-certified occupations is referred to as Schedule A, and is included in DOL regulations at 20 CFR 656.10. Based on an occupation’s inclusion on Schedule A, an employer may file an immigrant visa petition (I-140) directly with the (USCIS) without having to file a Labor Certification with the Department of Labor. Usually, prior to filing I-140 petitions (EB-2 or EB-3 category), the employer must file a Labor Certification to the Department of Labor. However, for Schedule A cases, the employer does not have to go through the labor certification process. We argued that the position of Health Services Manager should be classified under Schedule A. We argued that it falls under the broad spectrum of “professional nurse” occupations. We also argued that the job description has excerpts that fall under “professional nurse” and that the description justifies the requirements also of Bachelor’s degree in nursing and five years of related experiences.

Our client has a Bachelor’s degree in nursing and 5 years of experience as a nurse supervisor and a coordination nurse. He also has a registered nursing license in the state of Texas. Our office was retained and we started on the Prevailing Wage Determination filing and other related matters.

Once the prevailing wage was determined, we filed the I-140 application on November 21, 2018 via premium processing. We included a job offer letter, the notice of filing, employment letter, and other necessary supporting documents. In our cover brief, we included the “ability to pay” argument and why the nurse manager position falls under a Schedule A and EB2 designation.

Eventually, on December 5, 2018, the USCIS Texas Service Center approved his EB-2 I-140 petition. 

Once his I-140 was approved, our client retained our office again for his immigrant visa processing. Once we were retained, our office filed the immigrant visa packets to the National Visa Center on May 13, 2019, who in turn forwarded the client’s materials to the U.S. Embassy in Bangkok, Thailand. An interview notice was set for the client at the U.S. Embassy in Thailand. On October 22, 2019, our client appeared at the U.S. Embassy in Bangkok, Thailand. The interview went well, and the Embassy approved and issued his immigrant visa.

With the approved Immigrant Visa, our client can come to the United States immediately, and he will get his green card within two months of entry.

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CASE: I-485 / I-140 / National Interest Waiver

CLIENT: Korean

LOCATION: Palo Alto, CA

Our client contacted us about the possibility of doing a National Interest Waiver self-petition. He is a researcher from South Korea and he is an exceptional researcher and scientist in the field of Neurology and Neuroscience research. 

Our client’s significant contributions have placed him at the pinnacle of his field. Throughout his research career, our client has pioneered the development of cutting-edge neuroscience methods to both enable and accelerate the investigation of the functional brain circuits. Specifically, his research studies provide critical insights into how we can restore dysfunctional motor circuits in patients suffering from devastating motor diseases. Because of his innovative research, our client’s research works were highly evaluated by the reviewers of various journals and by colleagues and experts in the field.

Upon review of his credentials and qualifications, our office determined that he was definitely qualified for the National Interest Waiver (NIW) category. Being qualified for NIW is beneficial since you would not need an employer nor family member to petition for you for green card purposes. You’d be eligible for a self-petition and unless you are from China or India, in which case you’d still have to wait for priority dates to be current, you would be eligible to apply for adjustment of status (green card) immediately without any lag in priority dates.

As a primer, NIW applicants must have a master’s or higher degree. While we prepared his case, the AAO set the new standards for NIW cases in Matter of Dhanasar, 26 I&N Dec. 884 (AAO 2016). Under the new standard, the petitioner must demonstrate that the foreign national’s proposed endeavor has both substantial merit and national importance. Next, it must be shown that he or she is well positioned to advance the proposed endeavor. Finally, the petitioner seeking the waiver needs to demonstrate that, on balance, it would be beneficial to the United States to waive the job offer and labor certification requirements. Id. 

Our office prepared a 23-page brief for our client’s NIW filing. Our client also obtained 5 letters of recommendation from his colleagues and internationally-recognized researchers. Our office also included his publication records, presentation records, and conference materials in the NIW application. We demonstrated that our client is one of the few elite researchers who have made significant and substantial contributions to his field of endeavor, that he is well positioned to advance the proposed endeavor, and it would be beneficial to the United States to waive the requirements of a job offer and thus of a labor certification for our client. 

Our office filed his I-140(NIW) petition to the USCIS Nebraska Service Center on August 27, 2018. Eventually, on April 19, 2019, the USCIS approved his I-140 petition without any Requests for Evidence.  

When we filed his I-140, he concurrently filed his I-485 adjustment of status application. Everything went smoothly and the receipt notices and fingerprint appointment came on time.

Prior to the interview, we thoroughly prepared our client via conference call as well. On October 17, 2019, our client was interviewed at Santa Clara California USCIS office. Eventually, on October 18, 2019, our clients’ green card applications were approved. The derivative applicants of this case (his wife and daughters) also received I-485 approval.  Now, our client and his family members become green card holders. 

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CASE: I-140 / National Interest Waiver

CLIENT: Korean

LOCATION: Port Jefferson, NY

Our client contacted us in November 2018 about the possibility of doing a National Interest Waiver self-petition. He is a Ph.D. student from South Korea and has a Master’s Degree in Chemistry. Though he is a Ph.D. student, he is already considered as an exceptional researcher and scientist in the field of synthetic organic chemistry and pharmaceutical research. 

Our client’s significant contributions have placed him at the pinnacle of his field. He has made important contributions to the work on syntheses of chalcone-based small molecules and its biological data.  His research work is very important to the field of Parkinson’s disease therapy. Moreover, our client synthesized more than 100 small molecules targeting Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase (RIPK) enzyme for the treatment of dry Age-related Macular Degeneration (dry AMD).  Because of his innovative experimental research, our client’s research works were highly evaluated by the reviewers of various journals and by colleagues and experts in the field.

Upon review of his credentials and qualifications, our office determined that he was definitely qualified for the National Interest Waiver (NIW) category. Being qualified for NIW is beneficial since you would not need an employer nor family member to petition for you for green card purposes. You’d be eligible for a self-petition and unless you are from China or India, in which case you’d still have to wait for priority dates to be current, you would be eligible to apply for adjustment of status (green card) immediately without any lag in priority dates.

As a primer, NIW applicants must have a master’s or higher degree. While we prepared his case, the AAO set the new standards for NIW cases in Matter of Dhanasar, 26 I&N Dec. 884 (AAO 2016). Under the new standard, the petitioner must demonstrate that the foreign national’s proposed endeavor has both substantial merit and national importance. Next, it must be shown that he or she is well positioned to advance the proposed endeavor. Finally, the petitioner seeking the waiver needs to demonstrate that, on balance, it would be beneficial to the United States to waive the job offer and labor certification requirements. Id. 

Our office prepared a 22-page brief for our client’s NIW filing. Our client also obtained 7 letters of recommendation from his colleagues and internationally-recognized researchers. Our office also included his publication records, presentation records, and conference materials in the NIW application. We demonstrated that our client is one of the few elite researchers who have made significant and substantial contributions to his field of endeavor, that he is well positioned to advance the proposed endeavor, and it would be beneficial to the United States to waive the requirements of a job offer and thus of a labor certification for our client. 

Our office filed his I-140(NIW) petition to the USCIS Nebraska Service Center on March 20, 2019. Eventually, on September 6, 2019, the USCIS approved his I-140 petition without any Requests for Evidence.  Now, he can file his adjustment of status application.

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CASE: I-140 (EB-2)

EMPLOYER: Public Schools District

BENEFICIARY: Filipina Speech Language Pathologist

LOCATION: Crosby, North Dakota

Our client has a current employer that was willing to petition her for a second-preference petition (I-140).  Our client has a master’s degree in speech language pathology, a valid North Dakota speech language pathologist license, and has worked for her current employer since March 2014. Based on our client’s education and work background, our office determined that she is eligible for EB-2 classification for her I-140 petition.  

Prior to filing PERM, our firm prepared the prevailing wage request, job order, advertisements, internal job posting, recruitment report, and all other steps which are important pre-PERM filing. Take note that the PERM application could be filed at least 60 days from the job posting date or 30 days from the last ad. Within a week from our retention, the prevailing wage request was filed.  After we obtained the PW determination, our office filed the job order. On January 29, 2019, we promptly filed PERM. Eventually, on April 26, 2019, the PERM Labor Certification was approved – an EB2 position for the Filipina beneficiary. 

We then proceeded with the I-140 Petition filing. We submitted the “ability to pay” letter for the I-140 petition application. We included the job offer letter, employee’s most recent W-2 record, and other necessary supporting documents.

The I-140 Petition was filed on May 28, 2019 via regular processing service. Eventually, on August 22, 2019, the I-140 EB2 Petition for our Filipina client was approved without any Request for Evidence (RFE). 

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CASE: I-485 Adjustment of Status based on approved EB-2 I-140 petition

EMPLOYER: Cosmetic Products Manufacturer

BENEFICIARY: Korean Controller

LOCATION: Aurora, OH

Our client is currently working as a finance manager and his current employer was willing to petition him for a second-preference petition (I-140).  Our client has a bachelor’s degree in Business Administration and has more than 5 years of experience as a Financial Analyst. After talking to our client, our firm concluded that his employer can petition him as a Controller. Second preference petitions for Koreans are current, which means that if a PERM Labor Certification for a second preference position gets approved, the I-140 and I-485 could be filed simultaneously. Based on our client’s educational, professional and working background, our office determined that he is clearly eligible for EB-2 classification for his I-140 petition.  Our client eventually retained us in June 8, 2017.

Prior to filing PERM, our firm prepared the prevailing wage request, job order, advertisements, internal job posting, recruitment report, and all other steps which are important pre-PERM filing. Take note that the PERM application could be filed at least 60 days from the job posting date or 30 days from the last ad. Within a week from our retention, the prevailing wage request was filed.  After we obtained the foreign degree evaluation report, our office filed the job order on December 8, 2017. On May 7, 2018, we promptly filed PERM. 

However, on August 22, 2018, the Department of Labor issued a request for audit. The DOL requested documents from Petitioner to determine whether the recruitment process was done properly. Moreover, the DOL requested the Petitioner to submit evidence related to bona fide job opportunity which includes Petitioner’s articles of incorporation, quarterly tax, organizational chart, etc. In response to the Audit request, our office prepared the response to Audit brief along with Employer’s declaration, notice of filing, recruitment documentation, and other requested documents on September 19, 2018.  Eventually, on December 13, 2018, the PERM Labor Certification was approved – an EB2 position for the Korean beneficiary. 

We then proceeded with the I-140 Petition filing. We submitted the “ability to pay” letter for the I-140 petition application. We included the job offer letter, employer’s tax records, and other necessary supporting documents. The I-140 Petition was filed on January 18, 2019 via premium processing service. Eventually, on January 29, 2019, the I-140 EB2 Petition for our Korean client was approved without any Request for Evidence (RFE). 

Once his I-140 petition was approved, he retained our office again and determined to file an adjustment of status application for him and his immediate family members. On February 28, 2019, our office filed I-485 adjustment of status applications for our client and his family members. Everything went smoothly and the receipt notices and fingerprint appointment came on time.

Prior to the interview, we thoroughly prepared our client via conference calls as well. On July 12, 2019, our client was interviewed at Cleveland Ohio USCIS office. Attorney Sung Hee (Glen) Yu from our office also accompanied our clients as well. Eventually, his I-485 application was approved by the USCIS on the same day of the interview.

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CASE: I-140 (EB-2 Category) / Schedule A / Premium Processing

EMPLOYER: Nursing Care Facility

BENEFICIARY: Filipina

LOCATION: Houston, TX

Our client is an F-1 student from the Philippines. Her prospective employer-sponsor was willing to petition her for a second-preference employment immigrant visa petition (I-140). Since she has a registered nurse license and the proffered position for her is a nurse manager at the nursing care facility, the petition wanted to try going for a “Schedule A” classification. They also wanted to do EB2 (requiring at least a Masters degree or Bachelors degree + 5 yrs experience).

The Department of Labor (DOL) maintains a schedule of occupations in its regulations, Schedule A included, for which the individual permanent labor certification procedure is not required. The schedule of pre-certified occupations is referred to as Schedule A, and is included in DOL regulations at 20 CFR 656.10. Based on an occupation’s inclusion on Schedule A, an employer may file an immigrant visa petition (I-140) directly with the (USCIS) without having to file a Labor Certification with the Department of Labor. Usually, prior to filing I-140 petitions (EB-2 or EB-3 category), the employer must file a Labor Certification to the Department of Labor. However, for Schedule A cases, the employer does not have to go through the labor certification process. We argued that the position of Nurse Manager should be classified under Schedule A. We argued that it falls under the broad spectrum of “professional nurse” occupations. We also argued that the job description has excerpts that fall under “professional nurse” and that the description justifies the requirements also of Bachelor’s degree in nursing and five years of related experiences.

Our client has a Bachelor’s degree in nursing and has more than five years of experience as a staff nurse. She also has a registered nursing license in the state of Texas. Our office was retained and we started on the Prevailing Wage Determination filing and other related matters.

Once the prevailing wage was determined, we filed the I-140 application on April 15, 2019 via premium processing. We included the job offer letter, the notice of filing, employment letter, and other necessary supporting documents. In our cover brief, we included the “ability to pay” argument and why the nurse manager position falls under a Schedule A and EB2 designation.

However, on April 25, 2019, the USCIS issued a Notice of Intent to Deny (NOID). The USCIS argued that they cannot approve her I-140 petition because the proffered position, Nurse Manager, does not fall under Schedule A designation and it is not an EB-2 classified position. In our response brief, we cited the AAO decision and argued that positions other than “registered nurses” can fall under the definition of professional nurses, and thus fall under the Schedule A designation as well. The position of Nurse Manager for Petitioner, considering its job description, is a “position other than registered nurses that still falls within the definition of a professional nurse.” As to EB-2 classification argument, our office argued that the proffered position has the supervisory role and the complexity of job duties justify the EB-2 designation and the required 5 years experiences under the ONET Job Zone and the Department of Labor’s level. With this detailed response brief and other supporting documents, our office filed the Response to NOID to USCIS Texas Service Center on May 8, 2019.  

Eventually, on May 18, 2019, the USCIS Texas Service Center approved her EB-2 I-140 petition. Now, with the approved EB-2 I-140 petition (priority date for EB2 Philippines nationals is current), she can file her adjustment of status application.

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CASE: I-140 (EB-2 Category) / Schedule A / Premium Processing

EMPLOYER: Nursing Care Facility

BENEFICIARY: Filipina

LOCATION: Houston, TX

Our client is an F-1 student from the Philippines. Her prospective employer-sponsor was willing to petition her for a second-preference employment immigrant visa petition (I-140). Since she has a registered nurse license and the proffered position for her is a nurse manager at the nursing care facility, the petition wanted to try going for a “Schedule A” classification. They also wanted to do EB2 (requiring at least a Masters degree or Bachelors degree + 5 yrs experience).

The Department of Labor (DOL) maintains a schedule of occupations in its regulations, Schedule A included, for which the individual permanent labor certification procedure is not required. The schedule of pre-certified occupations is referred to as Schedule A, and is included in DOL regulations at 20 CFR 656.10. Based on an occupation’s inclusion on Schedule A, an employer may file an immigrant visa petition (I-140) directly with the (USCIS) without having to file a Labor Certification with the Department of Labor. Usually, prior to filing I-140 petitions (EB-2 or EB-3 category), the employer must file a Labor Certification to the Department of Labor. However, for Schedule A cases, the employer does not have to go through the labor certification process. We argued that the position of Nurse Manager should be classified under Schedule A. We argued that it falls under the broad spectrum of “professional nurse” occupations. We also argued that the job description has excerpts that fall under “professional nurse” and that the description justifies the requirements also of Bachelor’s degree in nursing and five years of related experiences.

Our client has a Bachelor’s degree in nursing and has more than five years of experience as a staff nurse. She also has a registered nursing license in the state of Texas. Our office was retained and we started on the Prevailing Wage Determination filing and other related matters.

Once the prevailing wage was determined, we filed the I-140 application on April 15, 2019 via premium processing. We included the job offer letter, the notice of filing, employment letter, and other necessary supporting documents. In our cover brief, we included the “ability to pay” argument and why the nurse manager position falls under a Schedule A and EB2 designation.

However, on April 25, 2019, the USCIS issued a Notice of Intent to Deny (NOID). The USCIS argued that they cannot approve her I-140 petition because the proffered position, Nurse Manager, does not fall under Schedule A designation and it is not an EB-2 classified position. In our response brief, we cited the AAO decision and argued that positions other than “registered nurses” can fall under the definition of professional nurses, and thus fall under the Schedule A designation as well. The position of Nurse Manager for Petitioner, considering its job description, is a “position other than registered nurses that still falls within the definition of a professional nurse.” As to EB-2 classification argument, our office argued that the proffered position has the supervisory role and the complexity of job duties justify the EB-2 designation and the required 5 years experiences under the ONET Job Zone and the Department of Labor’s level. With this detailed response brief and other supporting documents, our office filed the Response to NOID to USCIS Texas Service Center on May 8, 2019.  

Eventually, on May 18, 2019, the USCIS Texas Service Center approved her EB-2 I-140 petition. Now, with the approved EB-2 I-140 petition (priority date for EB2 Philippines nationals is current), she can file her adjustment of status application.

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CASE: I-140 (EB-2 Category) / Schedule A / Premium Processing

EMPLOYER: Nursing Care Facility

BENEFICIARY: Filipina Physical Therapist

LOCATION: Philip, South Dakota

Our client is a physical therapist from the Philippines who is currently working for her employer on an H-1B status. Her current employer-sponsor was willing to petition her for a second-preference employment immigrant visa petition (I-140). Since she is a physical therapist, she is eligible for “Schedule A” classification.

The Department of Labor (DOL) maintains a schedule of occupations in its regulations, Schedule A included, for which the individual permanent labor certification procedure is not required. The schedule of pre-certified occupations is referred to as Schedule A, and is included in DOL regulations at 20 CFR 656.10. Based on an occupation’s inclusion on Schedule A, an employer may file an immigrant visa petition (I-140) directly with the (USCIS) without first going to the DOL for a labor certification. Usually, prior to filing I-140 petitions (EB-2 or EB-3 category), the employer must file a Labor Certification to the Department of Labor. However, for Schedule A cases, the employer does not have to go through the labor certification process. The position of Physical Therapist is included in Schedule A.

Our client has U.S. equivalent Master’s degrees in Physical Therapy and is a licensed physical therapist in the State of South Dakota. Our office was retained on September 10, 2018 and we filed the Prevailing Wage Determination immediately.

We filed the I-140 application on April 22, 2019 via premium processing. We included the job offer letter, the notice of filing, employment letter, and other necessary supporting documents. In our cover brief, we included the “ability to pay” argument and why nurse practitioners must fall under the Schedule A designation.  However, on April 26, 2019, the USCIS Nebraska Service Center issued Request for Evidence and requested our client to submit her marriage certificate and a letter from her employer stating the signed date of the notice of filing document. Our office filed the Response to RFE on April 29, 2019.

Eventually, on May 2, 2019, the USCIS Nebraska Service Center approved her EB-2 I-140 petition. Now, with the approved EB-2 I-140 petition, she can file her adjustment of status application at any time.

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